Neurotechnology and neurorights: ethics and regulations of BCI

The article analyzes the transition from external AI assistants to direct brain-computer interfaces (BCI), which are changing the way of accessing the human subject. The author distinguishes between 'read' technologies (signal reading), affecting privacy and data confidentiality, and 'write' technologies (activity modulation), which touch upon issues of autonomy and agency. A typology of human-machine hybridization is presented—ranging from suggestion systems to deep implants (Deep hybrids). Although visions of mind fusion remain futuristic, contemporary BCIs play a key role in so-called restorative augmentation, restoring speech and movement functions to people with severe disabilities. In the face of these changes, it becomes essential to develop neurorights that protect mental integrity against commercialization and manipulation.